Free download 30-Second Chemistry: The 50 Most Elemental Concepts in Chemistry, Each Explained in Half a Minute edited by Nivaldo Tro in PDF.
The core idea of chemistry is that the whole can be explained by its parts. The properties of matter can be explained by the bits that compose it. Understand the bits, and you understand the whole. Philosophers call this idea reductionism.
Reductionism has not always been popular in the history of thought, nor is it clear that it is universally true. But the stunning and ongoing success of chemistry in explaining the behaviour of matter – even living matter.
A second unifying theme of chemistry is the progression from simple to complex. It turns out that, in nature, when you put together simple particles in slightly different ways, you can get vast complexity.
Just as the 26 letters of our alphabet can be combined in different ways to compose many words, and just as you can combine those words in many ways to form an even larger number of complex ideas, so the 91 elements that compose matter can be combined to form many compounds, and those compounds can be combined to form an even larger number of complex substances, including all living things.
INTRODUCTION
Nivaldo Tro The core idea of chemistry is that the whole can be explained by its parts. The properties of matter can be explained by the bits that compose it. Understand the bits, and you understand the whole. Philosophers call this idea reductionism.
Reductionism has not always been popular in the history of thought, nor is it clear that it is universally true. But the stunning and ongoing success of chemistry in explaining the behaviour of matter – even living matter – suggests that, at a minimum, reductionism is a powerful and useful idea.
The ‘bits’ in chemistry are atoms, ions and molecules. Although the idea that matter has fundamental ‘bits’ is quite old – it was first suggested more than 2,000 years ago – its broad acceptance is quite recent, and occurred only about 200 years ago.
Before that time, most thinkers thought that matter was continuous, that it had no smallest bits. The advent of the scientific revolution in the sixteenth century led thinkers to correlate their ideas about nature more carefully with empirical measurements. Since empirical measurements supported the particulate model, the continuous model was discarded.
CONTENTS
Atoms, Molecules & Compounds
States of Matter
Chemical Reactions & Energetics
Inorganic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Biochemistry
Nuclear Chemistry
About the book:
Language : English
File Size: 24.7 MB, PDF
Pages: 216
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